In AC circuits, the current can lead or lag by how many degrees?

In alternating current (AC) circuits, the phase relationship between the current and the voltage can vary significantly due to the presence of reactive components like inductors and capacitors. The current can either lead or lag with respect to the voltage, with the maximum phase difference being 90 degrees. This means that in purely inductive circuits, the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees, while in purely capacitive circuits, the current leads the voltage by 90 degrees.

This 90-degree phase shift is critical in understanding the behavior of AC circuits, as it affects power calculations and system efficiency. The implementation of this knowledge is essential for linemen when working on AC systems to ensure proper operation and safety.

Values like 60 degrees, 120 degrees, and 180 degrees do not represent typical phase shifts between current and voltage in standard AC circuit applications. Hence, the correct answer reflects the maximum theoretical lead or lag that current can exhibit due to reactive components in an AC circuit.