What does maximum sag refer to in relation to environmental conditions?

Maximum sag refers to the greatest downward deflection of a transmission or distribution line caused by environmental factors. This definition includes the influence of various conditions such as ice loading, wind, and temperature changes. When these elements are present, they can significantly affect the tension in the wire and the distance it sags from its original straight line between supports.

For example, when ice accumulates on a line, it adds weight, causing the cable to sag more than it would under normal conditions. Similarly, high winds can exert lateral forces that may also contribute to increased sag. Extreme temperatures can induce expansion or contraction in the material, further complicating the load on the lines. Therefore, maximum sag specifically addresses how these combined environmental factors interact to impact the cable's position. This is crucial for linemen to consider during installation and maintenance to ensure safety and functionality of the lines.