What is meant by backfeed in electrical systems?

Backfeed in electrical systems refers to the phenomenon where electrical current flows in the opposite direction from what is typically expected. This occurs when current travels from the load side, which is generally where electricity is consumed, rather than from the line side, where electricity is supplied. This situation can arise, for example, when a distributed energy resource, such as a solar panel or generator, feeds electricity back into the grid or supply system instead of receiving it.

Understanding backfeed is crucial in electrical work, as it can pose safety risks, especially in the event of maintenance or emergencies. If technicians are working on a line that is assumed to be de-energized, they may be at risk if backfeed occurs unexpectedly. That makes awareness and proper system design essential for safety protocols.

The other options describe different concepts in electrical systems that do not accurately define the term backfeed. A dangerous electrical surge relates to a sudden increase in voltage, grounding involves creating a path for electrical current to safely dissipate, and electrical loss in transmission pertains to energy loss as electricity travels over distances. None of these capture the essence of what backfeed signifies in the context of electrical flow.